Browse the approaches and exposures in our released reporting. Each study keeps its population, design, measured outcome, bottom line and limits together.
No exact match
No covered approach matches both choices.
Clear one filter to widen the view. The directory never invents a record to fill an empty combination.
Covered approaches
Everyday foundations
12 approaches
Everyday foundations
cigarette smoking cessation
1 released story
Studied evidence
Observational study
Safety & regulation
Cigarettes are highly addictive. Read the linked story for evidence boundaries and seek established clinical or quit-support help for an individual plan.
1.48 million adults age 20–79 in four national cohorts, with a separate 202,248-person US linked-cohort analysis
Design & comparator
observational current and former cigarette smokers compared with never smokers; cessation timing compared with continued smoking
Measured outcome
all-cause and cause-specific mortality plus modeled survival
Released bottom line: Current cigarette smoking was associated with roughly three times the mortality of never smoking; stopping was associated with lower excess mortality at every age studied.
Not established: The analyses did not establish an exact causal effect for every subgroup, forecast an individual lifespan, or compare cessation treatments.
Everyday foundations
intensive lifestyle or metformin for diabetes prevention
1 released story
Studied evidence
Large randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Read the linked story for strategy-specific safety, monitoring and interpretation.
Last verification
Human diabetes incidence and microvascular outcomes · long randomized follow-up
2,776 surviving DPP participants with elevated glucose and overweight or obesity who joined long-term follow-up
Design
randomized lifestyle or metformin versus placebo, followed observationally after the original trial
Measured outcome
cumulative type 2 diabetes incidence and aggregate microvascular disease
Released bottom line
Over 15 years, cumulative diabetes incidence was 55% with intensive lifestyle, 56% with metformin and 62% with placebo. The randomized groups did not differ significantly in aggregate microvascular prevalence.
What this does not establish
The follow-up did not demonstrate that either randomized assignment reduced the aggregate microvascular outcome or extended life.
Checked
Everyday foundations
intensive lifestyle intervention for weight loss and physical activity
1 released story
Studied evidence
Large randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Read the linked story for strategy-specific safety, monitoring and interpretation.
Last verification
Human cardiovascular events and function · large randomized trial
5,145 adults age 45–75 with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity
Design
intensive lifestyle intervention versus diabetes support and education
Measured outcome
major cardiovascular events, weight and cardiometabolic risk factors
Released bottom line
The primary cardiovascular outcome occurred in 403 intensive-lifestyle participants and 418 controls (hazard ratio 0.95; P=0.51). Weight loss and several risk factors improved more with intensive lifestyle.
What this does not establish
Look AHEAD did not establish that its intensive lifestyle program reduced major cardiovascular events or extended life in this population.
Checked
Everyday foundations
Calorie restriction
1 released story
Studied evidence
Randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
cardiovascular and all-cause mortality association
Released bottom line
One Finnish male cohort linked frequent sauna use with lower mortality. The design cannot show that sauna caused longer life, and randomized evidence has not tested that endpoint.
What this does not establish
Sauna use was associated with lower mortality—not proven to extend life
Checked
Everyday foundations
LIFTMOR
1 released story
Studied evidence
Small randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Last verification
Human BMD and function · small supervised randomized trial
101 screened postmenopausal women with low bone mass; mean age 65
Design
small supervised randomized trial
Measured outcome
bone density, strength and functional measures
Released bottom line
LIFTMOR found BMD and function gains in a small, screened, closely supervised trial—not fracture prevention or proof that unsupervised heavy training is safe.
What this does not establish
LIFTMOR improved bone density in a small supervised trial—not fracture prevention
Checked
Everyday foundations
Meal timing
1 released story
Studied evidence
Randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
604 adults age 65 or older without cognitive impairment, with family dementia history, overweight and a suboptimal diet
Design
randomized dietary trial
Measured outcome
global cognition and structural MRI measures
Released bottom line
Both groups improved with counseling and calorie restriction; the between-group cognitive difference was not significant and MRI measures were similar.
What this does not establish
The MIND diet trial found no cognitive edge over its active control
Checked
Everyday foundations
Sleep
1 released story
Studied evidence
Observational study
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
A 16-week study randomized 24 older adults—12 per arm—and reported many biomarker and function measures. Its size, multiplicity and exploratory analyses do not prove that GlyNAC reverses aging or extends healthspan.
What this does not establish
GlyNAC’s small trial cannot establish reversal of aging
Checked
Drugs & supplements
Low-dose aspirin
3 released stories
Studied evidence
Large randomized trial · Randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Last verification
Human function and safety · large randomized trial
19,114 community-dwelling older adults without cardiovascular disease, dementia or independence-limiting disability at enrollment
Design
large randomized trial
Measured outcome
disability-free survival · major bleeding
Released bottom line
In 19,114 selected older adults, daily low-dose aspirin did not improve the trial’s composite of death, dementia or persistent physical disability over a median 4.7 years. Major hemorrhage was higher.
What this does not establish
ASPREE found no gain in disability-free survival—and more major bleeding
Checked
Human cardiovascular and safety outcomes · large randomized trial
19,114 community-dwelling older adults without cardiovascular disease at enrollment
Design
large randomized trial
Measured outcome
cardiovascular events · major bleeding
Released bottom line
In selected older adults without cardiovascular disease, low-dose aspirin did not significantly reduce the trial’s cardiovascular composite. Major hemorrhage occurred more often.
What this does not establish
ASPREE did not lower cardiovascular events—and increased major bleeding
Checked
Human mortality and cancer outcomes · randomized trial plus observational extension
19,114 original ASPREE participants; 14,907 cancer-free survivors in the post-trial analysis
Design
randomized trial plus observational extension
Measured outcome
cancer mortality · long-term follow-up
Released bottom line
The randomized trial found an unexpected cancer-mortality imbalance. Longer follow-up found no difference in overall cancer incidence and no post-trial mortality legacy effect.
What this does not establish
ASPREE’s cancer signal changed across longer follow-up
Checked
Drugs & supplements
Melatonin
1 released story
Studied evidence
Randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Last verification
Human sleep outcomes · product-specific randomized trials
Primary-prevention adults, older adults after myocardial infarction and statin-treated high-risk adults with elevated triglycerides
Design
formulation-specific randomized trials
Measured outcome
cardiovascular composites and components, mortality, atrial fibrillation and bleeding
Released bottom line
Two mixed EPA+DHA trials were neutral on primary outcomes; prescription icosapent ethyl benefited a defined high-risk population with safety and comparator limits.
What this does not establish
“Omega-3” is not one intervention—and the trial results do not transfer
Checked
Drugs & supplements
Rapamycin
1 released story
Studied evidence
Small randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Selected older adults with lower mitochondrial function
Design
small randomized trial
Measured outcome
walking distance, muscle endurance and ATP production
Released bottom line
ENERGIZE found no significant benefit for six-minute walk distance or maximal ATP production. Secondary endurance and biomarker signals remain preliminary and do not establish disability prevention or longer healthy life.
What this does not establish
Urolithin A missed both primary outcomes in older adults
Checked
Drugs & supplements
Vitamin D
1 released story
Studied evidence
Large randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Last verification
Human clinical outcomes · large randomized prevention trial
25,871 generally healthy U.S. adults not selected for vitamin D deficiency, low bone mass or osteoporosis
Design
large randomized prevention trial
Measured outcome
invasive cancer, major cardiovascular events and clinical fractures
Released bottom line
In generally healthy adults, vitamin D3 did not significantly reduce invasive cancer, major cardiovascular events, or fractures; deficiency treatment is a different question.
What this does not establish
Vitamin D is essential. VITAL still found no broad prevention benefit
Checked
Drugs & supplements
Wheat-germ spermidine extract
1 released story
Studied evidence
Small randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
In the 12-month SmartAge trial, a wheat-germ spermidine extract did not improve the prespecified memory outcome or secondary outcomes. Exploratory signals do not establish dementia prevention or longer life.
What this does not establish
Spermidine did not improve the trial’s primary memory outcome
Checked
Covered approaches
Experimental biotechnology
1 approach
Experimental biotechnology
Partial reprogramming
1 released story
Studied evidence
Early human study
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
cross-sectional swimmer versus matched comparison group
Measured outcome
brown-fat activity and thermogenesis
Released bottom line
A small study of young male winter swimmers found physiology differences. It did not test disease, function, healthspan or lifespan, and it cannot show that cold exposure caused the findings.
What this does not establish
Cold-water studies measure thermogenesis—not longer life
Checked
Measuring aging
Supervised hyperbaric-oxygen research program
1 released story
Studied evidence
Other human evidence
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Last verification
Human blood-cell biomarkers · uncontrolled pre/post study
Small selected group of healthy adults age 64 or older
Design
single-arm pre/post study without a control
Measured outcome
selected blood-cell telomere and senescence markers
Released bottom line
A small uncontrolled study reported telomere and senescent-cell changes in selected blood-cell subtypes. It did not test clinical aging, healthspan or lifespan, and commercial conflicts matter.
Population: 317 ambulatory community-living adults age 70 years or older with recurrent or injurious falls
Comparison: three-arm randomized parallel trial with fall calendars over 12 months; structured exercise and sham gentle exercise
Measured outcome: self-reported fall rate
Fall rates were 1.66, 1.90 and 2.28 per person-year; LiFE versus control IRR 0.69 (95% CI 0.48–0.99).
Not established: The trial did not establish fewer fractures, disability, longer healthspan or lifespan, and it does not test unsupervised use in other populations.
Human self-reported falls and function · small randomized trial
Population: 670 community-dwelling adults age 70 years or older with a prior fall or impaired mobility
Comparison: single-blind three-arm randomized clinical trial; multimodal exercise and stretching
Measured outcome: incidence of falls during the six-month intervention
Falls numbered 152, 218 and 363; TJQMBB versus stretching IRR 0.42 (95% CI 0.31–0.56) and versus multimodal exercise 0.69 (0.52–0.94).
Not established: The trial did not test every tai chi class, institutionalized or broadly frail populations, permanent independence, healthspan or lifespan.
10,251 adults with established type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk
Design
intensive glycemia target below 6% versus standard target of 7.0% to 7.9%
Measured outcome
major cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality and treatment harms
Released bottom line
The primary cardiovascular outcome was not significantly lower (352 versus 371 events; hazard ratio 0.90; P=0.16). Deaths were higher with intensive treatment (257 versus 203; hazard ratio 1.22; P=0.04), prompting early discontinuation.
What this does not establish
ACCORD does not show that all glucose lowering is harmful; it tested one intensive, multi-drug target strategy in a high-risk population.
Checked
Health & function
Blood pressure
1 released story
Studied evidence
Large randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
9,361 adults age 50 or older at elevated cardiovascular risk, without diabetes or prior stroke
Design
large randomized trial
Measured outcome
cardiovascular events, mortality, adverse events and cognitive outcomes
Released bottom line
Intensive treatment lowered cardiovascular events and mortality in eligible high-risk adults, with more hypotension, electrolyte problems and kidney injury.
trained abilities, daily function, all-cause mortality and claims-diagnosed dementia
Released bottom line
ACTIVE supports trained-ability gains and some function signals, found no mortality benefit, and leaves a claims-based dementia subgroup methodologically disputed.
What this does not establish
Cognitive training improved practiced skills—not survival or proven dementia prevention
Checked
Health & function
CPAP
1 released story
Studied evidence
Large randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Last verification
Human cardiovascular and symptom outcomes · large randomized trials
1,260 Finnish adults age 60–77 at elevated dementia risk and with average-to-lower cognitive performance
Design
randomized multidomain trial
Measured outcome
global cognitive composite and domain tests
Released bottom line
A combined two-year program produced a small cognitive-test advantage; it cannot identify a winning component or establish dementia, disability, mortality, healthspan, or lifespan benefit.
What this does not establish
FINGER slightly improved cognitive-test scores. It did not prove dementia prevention
Checked
Health & function
Hearing
1 released story
Studied evidence
Randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Last verification
Human outcomes · randomized trial with subgroup signals
At 13 years, colorectal cancer was diagnosed in 1.46% of the invited group and 1.80% of the usual-care group. Colorectal-cancer mortality was 0.41% versus 0.47%; the confidence interval included no difference.
What this does not establish
A colorectal-cancer mortality or all-cause survival benefit was not demonstrated.
Checked
Health & function
Menopausal hormone therapy
1 released story
Studied evidence
Randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Last verification
Human disease outcomes and mortality · randomized trials
Older adults in related telephone, web, clinic and blood-based COSMOS substudies
Design
correlated randomized substudies
Measured outcome
cognitive-test scores, word recall and DNA-methylation biomarkers
Released bottom line
COSMOS found small cognitive-test differences and modest movement in two DNA-methylation clocks; neither establishes dementia prevention or longer life.
What this does not establish
Multivitamins moved some tests and aging clocks. What does that mean?
Checked
Health & function
Repeated PSA-based screening
1 released story
Studied evidence
Randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Last verification
Human prostate-cancer mortality and diagnosis · long randomized screening follow-up
Men age 55–74 in Rotterdam; primary group age 55–69
Design
randomized screening invitation versus usual care
Measured outcome
prostate-cancer mortality, metastasis and diagnoses
Released bottom line
In the primary age group, prostate-cancer mortality was lower with screening (RR 0.73), as was metastatic disease (RR 0.67). Screening also produced 57 excess prostate-cancer diagnoses per 1,000 men randomized.
What this does not establish
An all-cause survival benefit or favorable balance for every individual.
Checked
Health & function
RSV vaccines
1 released story
Studied evidence
Randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Last verification
Human respiratory outcomes · three randomized vaccine trials
Adults age 50 or older in ZOE-50 plus older vaccine-eligible cohorts in two dementia analyses
Design
randomized and non-randomized evidence
Measured outcome
herpes-zoster disease and recorded dementia diagnoses
Released bottom line
Randomized trials established shingles prevention. Dementia findings come from observational and quasi-experimental studies and do not prove prevention.
5,246 men age 45–80 with symptoms, repeatedly low testosterone and preexisting or high cardiovascular risk
Design
large randomized noninferiority trial
Measured outcome
major cardiovascular events and cardiovascular safety outcomes
Released bottom line
Among selected men with hypogonadism and elevated cardiovascular risk, testosterone gel was noninferior to placebo for major cardiovascular events; the trial did not test longer life or general anti-aging use.
What this does not establish
TRAVERSE found cardiovascular noninferiority—not a longevity benefit
Checked
Human fracture and bone-density outcomes · randomized trials
5,204 TRAVERSE participants: middle-aged and older men with symptoms, repeatedly low testosterone and preexisting or high cardiovascular risk
Design
randomized trials
Measured outcome
clinical fractures and bone-density measures
Released bottom line
Clinical fractures were more frequent with testosterone than placebo in TRAVERSE; a smaller substudy’s bone-density gain cannot substitute for fracture outcomes.
What this does not establish
Testosterone did not prevent fractures in TRAVERSE
Checked
Human physical-function outcomes · one-year randomized trials
790 symptomatic men age 65 or older with repeatedly low testosterone; 390 enrolled in the Physical Function Trial
Design
one-year randomized trials
Measured outcome
six-minute walking distance and a 50-meter improvement threshold
Released bottom line
The prespecified Physical Function Trial threshold was not significant in its enrolled subgroup; broader secondary walking results do not establish disability prevention, healthspan or longevity.
What this does not establish
Testosterone’s walking result was modest—not an anti-aging effect
Checked
Health & function
Three annual low-dose CT screens
1 released story
Studied evidence
Randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
Last verification
Human lung-cancer mortality · large randomized screening trial
Selected current and former heavy smokers age 55–74
Design
randomized low-dose CT versus chest radiography
Measured outcome
lung-cancer and all-cause mortality
Released bottom line
The original NLST analysis reported 247 versus 309 lung-cancer deaths per 100,000 person-years, a 20% relative reduction with low-dose CT. It did not test never-smokers or the general population.
What this does not establish
Benefit for never-smokers, average-risk adults or overall lifespan.
Checked
Health & function
Zoledronic acid
1 released story
Studied evidence
Large randomized trial
Safety & regulation
Not assessed as a directory-wide field. Read each linked story for study-specific context.
7,765 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis; mean age about 73
Design
large randomized trial
Measured outcome
vertebral, hip and nonvertebral fractures plus bone density
Released bottom line
HORIZON reduced vertebral and hip fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis, with outcome-specific duration and safety limits—not evidence of slower aging.
What this does not establish
Zoledronic acid reduced fractures in osteoporosis—not aging itself
Checked
How this directory works
One approach can lead to several different evidence questions.
Repeated coverage is consolidated by the tracker’s explicit intervention or exposure identity. Individual study results stay separate; unknown, not assessed, mixed and not applicable are never converted into “false,” “safe,” or “ineffective.”