Browse 60 unique registry records connected to 45 of our 55 released stories. This is a publication-maintained reading aid—not every longevity trial, a recommendation, or a registry operated by the government.
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LiFE reduced self-reported falls by embedding activity in daily routines
Released evidence conclusion: Fall rates were 1.66, 1.90 and 2.28 per person-year; LiFE versus control IRR 0.69 (95% CI 0.48–0.99).
Does not establish: The trial did not establish fewer fractures, disability, longer healthspan or lifespan, and it does not test unsupervised use in other populations.
Registry link checked · projected from eighteenth-coverage-claim-map.json
PREDIMED found fewer cardiovascular events after a Mediterranean-style diet—with a correction history
Measured outcome: myocardial infarction, stroke or cardiovascular death
Released evidence conclusion: The corrected randomized analysis is promising for its composite endpoint, while allocation deviations and lifespan limits remain visible.
Does not establish: The trial cannot identify which food or behavior caused the difference, show benefit in every population, or establish that the program slows biological aging. A reduction in a cardiovascular composite does not prove longer life; all-cause mortality did not show a clear difference. The interventions also included counseling and free olive oil or nuts, so the result is not evidence for any product carrying a “Mediterranean” label.
Registry link checked · projected from third-coverage-edition.json
Menopausal hormone therapy treats symptoms. WHI did not show a longevity benefit
Measured outcome: disease events, breast cancer and all-cause mortality
Released evidence conclusion: WHI found a formulation-specific mix of benefits and harms, no overall 18-year mortality difference, and no basis for general longevity prevention.
Does not establish: WHI does not show that hormone therapy generally reverses aging, prevents chronic disease, or extends lifespan. It also does not erase the recognized role of individualized symptom treatment. Symptom benefit and prevention evidence answer different questions.
Registry link checked · projected from ninth-coverage-edition.json
ACCORD’s intensive glucose target increased mortality and was stopped early
Measured outcome: major cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality and treatment harms
Released evidence conclusion: The primary cardiovascular outcome was not significantly lower (352 versus 371 events; hazard ratio 0.90; P=0.16). Deaths were higher with intensive treatment (257 versus 203; hazard ratio 1.22; P=0.04), prompting early discontinuation.
Does not establish: ACCORD does not show that all glucose lowering is harmful; it tested one intensive, multi-drug target strategy in a high-risk population.
Registry link checked · projected from seventeenth-coverage-claim-map.json
DPP prevention effects persisted for 15 years—without an overall microvascular difference
intensive lifestyle or metformin for diabetes prevention — NCT00004992
Measured outcome: cumulative type 2 diabetes incidence and aggregate microvascular disease
Released evidence conclusion: Over 15 years, cumulative diabetes incidence was 55% with intensive lifestyle, 56% with metformin and 62% with placebo. The randomized groups did not differ significantly in aggregate microvascular prevalence.
Does not establish: The follow-up did not demonstrate that either randomized assignment reduced the aggregate microvascular outcome or extended life.
Registry link checked · projected from seventeenth-coverage-claim-map.json
Look AHEAD improved weight and risk factors—not cardiovascular event rates
intensive lifestyle intervention for weight loss and physical activity — NCT00017953
Measured outcome: major cardiovascular events, weight and cardiometabolic risk factors
Released evidence conclusion: The primary cardiovascular outcome occurred in 403 intensive-lifestyle participants and 418 controls (hazard ratio 0.95; P=0.51). Weight loss and several risk factors improved more with intensive lifestyle.
Does not establish: Look AHEAD did not establish that its intensive lifestyle program reduced major cardiovascular events or extended life in this population.
Registry link checked · projected from seventeenth-coverage-claim-map.json
DPP prevention effects persisted for 15 years—without an overall microvascular difference
intensive lifestyle or metformin for diabetes prevention — NCT00038727
Measured outcome: cumulative type 2 diabetes incidence and aggregate microvascular disease
Released evidence conclusion: Over 15 years, cumulative diabetes incidence was 55% with intensive lifestyle, 56% with metformin and 62% with placebo. The randomized groups did not differ significantly in aggregate microvascular prevalence.
Does not establish: The follow-up did not demonstrate that either randomized assignment reduced the aggregate microvascular outcome or extended life.
Registry link checked · projected from seventeenth-coverage-claim-map.json
Zoledronic acid reduced fractures in osteoporosis—not aging itself
Measured outcome: vertebral, hip and nonvertebral fractures plus bone density
Released evidence conclusion: HORIZON reduced vertebral and hip fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis, with outcome-specific duration and safety limits—not evidence of slower aging.
Does not establish: HORIZON does not show that zoledronic acid slows biological aging, extends life, or should be used by low-risk adults. It also does not provide an individualized duration: the extension reduced morphometric vertebral fractures but did not significantly change hip, nonvertebral, clinical vertebral or all-clinical fractures.
Registry link checked · projected from ninth-coverage-edition.json
Zoledronic acid reduced fractures in osteoporosis—not aging itself
Measured outcome: vertebral, hip and nonvertebral fractures plus bone density
Released evidence conclusion: HORIZON reduced vertebral and hip fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis, with outcome-specific duration and safety limits—not evidence of slower aging.
Does not establish: HORIZON does not show that zoledronic acid slows biological aging, extends life, or should be used by low-risk adults. It also does not provide an individualized duration: the extension reduced morphometric vertebral fractures but did not significantly change hip, nonvertebral, clinical vertebral or all-clinical fractures.
Registry link checked · projected from ninth-coverage-edition.json
Measured outcome: sleep latency, sleep efficiency, insomnia remission and durability
Released evidence conclusion: Two randomized trials support meaningful sleep improvement in older adults; they did not test dementia prevention, biological aging or lifespan.
Does not establish: The trials do not show that CBT-I reverses biological aging, prevents dementia, reduces mortality or extends lifespan. Observational links between sleep and health cannot fill in endpoints the trials never measured.
Registry link checked · projected from eleventh-coverage-edition.json
Measured outcome: sleep latency, sleep efficiency, insomnia remission and durability
Released evidence conclusion: Two randomized trials support meaningful sleep improvement in older adults; they did not test dementia prevention, biological aging or lifespan.
Does not establish: The trials do not show that CBT-I reverses biological aging, prevents dementia, reduces mortality or extends lifespan. Observational links between sleep and health cannot fill in endpoints the trials never measured.
Registry link checked · projected from eleventh-coverage-edition.json
Cognitive training improved practiced skills—not survival or proven dementia prevention
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-02
Results availabilityPeer-reviewed publication linkedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
2,832 independent U.S. adults age 65–94
Intervention and comparator
randomized trial plus disputed secondary analysis
Measured outcome
trained abilities, daily function, all-cause mortality and claims-diagnosed dementia
Funding and conflicts
NIH-supported trial and follow-ups; the 20-year mortality report declared no conflicts, while commercial descendants are not evidence for the studied protocol.
Released evidence conclusion: ACTIVE supports trained-ability gains and some function signals, found no mortality benefit, and leaves a claims-based dementia subgroup methodologically disputed.
Does not establish: ACTIVE does not establish that generic brain games prevent dementia, extend life, or rejuvenate the brain. It does not show that the booster subgroup difference was caused by boosters rather than post-randomization selection or other differences.
Registry link checked · projected from eighth-coverage-edition.json
Melatonin can shift sleep outcomes—not human aging
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-02
Results availabilityPeer-reviewed publication linkedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
791 adults in one age-effects trial; 354 adults age 55–80 in a separate insomnia trial
Intervention and comparator
product-specific randomized trials
Measured outcome
sleep latency, sleep quality and morning alertness
Funding and conflicts
The featured prolonged-release melatonin trial was funded by Neurim; several authors disclosed employee, consultant, owner or leadership roles. Product formulation and jurisdiction matter.
Measured outcome: sleep latency, sleep quality and morning alertness
Released evidence conclusion: Specific prolonged-release melatonin trials reported modest sleep benefits; they did not test biological-age reversal, healthspan or lifespan.
Does not establish: These studies do not show that melatonin reverses biological age, prevents age-related disease, improves healthspan or extends lifespan. Mechanistic and animal findings cannot supply missing human outcomes.
Registry link checked · projected from eleventh-coverage-edition.json
CALERIE tested calorie restriction for two years—not human lifespan
Measured outcome: metabolism, cardiometabolic risk factors and DNA-methylation biomarkers
Released evidence conclusion: A randomized trial found selected cardiometabolic improvements, while aging-biomarker results were mixed and lifespan was not measured.
Does not establish: CALERIE did not test mortality or lifespan and cannot show that restriction delays every disease, benefits older or frail adults, or is safe for everyone. It does not prove that changing DunedinPACE changes clinical outcomes. Findings from laboratory animals cannot fill those human-outcome gaps.
Registry link checked · projected from second-coverage-edition.json
CPAP improved symptoms—not cardiovascular events in major trials
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-02
Results availabilityPeer-reviewed publication linkedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
2,717 adults with sleep apnea and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease; 1,264 non-sleepy adults after acute coronary syndrome
Intervention and comparator
large randomized trials
Measured outcome
major cardiovascular events, sleepiness, symptoms and quality of life
Funding and conflicts
SAVE reported support from public agencies and Philips Respironics; ISAACC reported public and industry support. Treatment adherence and selected populations limit inference.
Measured outcome: major cardiovascular events, sleepiness, symptoms and quality of life
Released evidence conclusion: SAVE and ISAACC did not significantly reduce their primary cardiovascular outcomes; SAVE separately found symptom and quality-of-life benefits.
Does not establish: The trials do not show that CPAP is useless, that diagnosed OSA should go untreated, or that every cardiovascular subgroup has the same result. They also do not establish longer life or slower biological aging.
Registry link checked · projected from eleventh-coverage-edition.json
Testosterone did not prevent fractures in TRAVERSE
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-03
Results availabilityRegistry results postedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
5,204 TRAVERSE participants: middle-aged and older men with symptoms, repeatedly low testosterone and preexisting or high cardiovascular risk
Intervention and comparator
randomized trials
Measured outcome
clinical fractures and bone-density measures
Funding and conflicts
TRAVERSE was an FDA-required postmarketing trial funded by an industry consortium led by AbbVie; sponsor and investigator roles require visible disclosure. The Testosterone Trials were principally publicly supported, with study product and additional support disclosed by investigators; the trials were not large or long enough for broad safety conclusions.
Measured outcome: clinical fractures and bone-density measures
Released evidence conclusion: Clinical fractures were more frequent with testosterone than placebo in TRAVERSE; a smaller substudy’s bone-density gain cannot substitute for fracture outcomes.
Does not establish: The analysis does not establish why fractures were higher, identify a causal pathway, or show the same result for every formulation and population. It does not erase appropriate treatment for diagnosed conditions or provide an individual risk estimate.
Measured outcome: six-minute walking distance and a 50-meter improvement threshold
Released evidence conclusion: The prespecified Physical Function Trial threshold was not significant in its enrolled subgroup; broader secondary walking results do not establish disability prevention, healthspan or longevity.
Does not establish: The trials do not establish frailty reversal, prevention of mobility disability, dementia prevention, slower biological aging, healthspan extension or lifespan extension. Results do not automatically apply to younger men, men without symptoms and repeated low values, or other formulations and dosing patterns.
Registry link checked · projected from twelfth-coverage-edition.json
ASPREE did not lower cardiovascular events—and increased major bleeding
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-03
Results availabilityRegistry results postedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
19,114 community-dwelling older adults without cardiovascular disease at enrollment
Intervention and comparator
large randomized trial
Measured outcome
cardiovascular events · major bleeding
Funding and conflicts
ASPREE was supported by US and Australian public/institutional funders; Bayer supplied aspirin and matching placebo in kind and was reported to have no other trial role. The 2026 follow-up discloses author grants and several outside pharmaceutical relationships.
Measured outcome: cardiovascular events · major bleeding
Released evidence conclusion: In selected older adults without cardiovascular disease, low-dose aspirin did not significantly reduce the trial’s cardiovascular composite. Major hemorrhage occurred more often.
Does not establish: A confidence interval crossing 1 is not proof of zero possible cardiovascular effect. Nor can ASPREE be generalized to people with prior heart attack, stroke or established vascular disease, who were outside its prevention setting.
Measured outcome: disability-free survival · major bleeding
Released evidence conclusion: In 19,114 selected older adults, daily low-dose aspirin did not improve the trial’s composite of death, dementia or persistent physical disability over a median 4.7 years. Major hemorrhage was higher.
Does not establish: The result does not prove aspirin has zero effect in every group, erase individual components, or apply to people with established cardiovascular disease. Disability-free survival is not a direct lifespan measure.
Measured outcome: cancer mortality · long-term follow-up
Released evidence conclusion: The randomized trial found an unexpected cancer-mortality imbalance. Longer follow-up found no difference in overall cancer incidence and no post-trial mortality legacy effect.
Does not establish: The studies do not establish that aspirin broadly causes cancer, prevents cancer, or changes lifespan for every older adult. Cancer incidence is not cancer mortality, and a post-trial null legacy association does not erase the randomized-period signal.
Registry link checked · projected from thirteenth-coverage-edition.json
FINGER slightly improved cognitive-test scores. It did not prove dementia prevention
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-02
Results availabilityPeer-reviewed publication linkedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
1,260 Finnish adults age 60–77 at elevated dementia risk and with average-to-lower cognitive performance
Intervention and comparator
randomized multidomain trial
Measured outcome
global cognitive composite and domain tests
Funding and conflicts
Public and nonprofit research funding; the primary report lists investigator disclosures and does not establish an intervention-component sponsor effect.
Measured outcome: global cognitive composite and domain tests
Released evidence conclusion: A combined two-year program produced a small cognitive-test advantage; it cannot identify a winning component or establish dementia, disability, mortality, healthspan, or lifespan benefit.
Does not establish: FINGER does not show which component works best, that the program prevents dementia or disability, or that it reduces death or extends healthspan or lifespan. It also does not establish that a simplified commercial program would reproduce the protocol.
Registry link checked · projected from eighth-coverage-edition.json
Creatine added to resistance training may improve some strength measures—not longevity
Measured outcome: lean tissue, strength and bone or muscle imaging
Released evidence conclusion: Pooled short trials found modest lean-mass and strength gains, while a related one-year analysis found no additional benefit.
Does not establish: It does not show that creatine alone preserves independence, prevents falls or fractures, improves cognition, extends healthspan, reduces mortality or lengthens life. The featured trials do not establish safety for people with kidney disease, complex medication use or frailty, and they do not justify a personal dose or product choice.
Registry link checked · projected from fifth-coverage-edition.json
Exercise has strong evidence for function—not proof of slower biological aging
Measured outcome: mobility, function, frailty, falls and all-cause mortality
Released evidence conclusion: Human trials support mobility and physical function in defined populations. Lifespan and biological-age claims require separate evidence.
Does not establish: Exercise trials prove that exercise slows biological aging for everyone.
Measured outcome: mobility disability and discharge function
Released evidence conclusion: LIFE supports a meaningful mobility outcome in vulnerable older adults, while lifespan and universal-program claims remain untested.
Does not establish: It does not show that one modality is best, that more activity is always better, or that the studied programs increase lifespan. The LIFE intervention did not significantly reduce death or hospitalization. The hospital trial does not establish prevention of disability after discharge. Population-level trial results cannot safely select an individual program for someone with frailty, falls, cardiovascular symptoms or an acute illness.
Registry link checked · projected from first-coverage-pilot.json, fourth-coverage-edition.json
Resveratrol has a longevity reputation. Human trials tell a mixed story
Measured outcome: memory tests, metabolic markers, body composition, inflammation and exercise adaptation
Released evidence conclusion: One small memory-test signal sits beside several null or unfavorable metabolic trials; human evidence does not show longer life or healthspan.
Does not establish: The studies do not demonstrate that resveratrol prevents dementia, cardiovascular disease, frailty, disability, or death. They do not establish an effective anti-aging dose or prove that commercial products match the preparations used.
Registry link checked · projected from seventh-coverage-edition.json
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-02
Results availabilityPeer-reviewed publication linkedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
Adults age 50 or older in ZOE-50 plus older vaccine-eligible cohorts in two dementia analyses
Intervention and comparator
randomized and non-randomized evidence
Measured outcome
herpes-zoster disease and recorded dementia diagnoses
Funding and conflicts
GSK funded ZOE-50. The recombinant-dementia EHR study had NIHR/Wellcome/JDRF support and disclosed one author's GSK consultancy and Oxford–GSK role; GSK was reported uninvolved. The Welsh study reported public and philanthropic grants and no competing interests.
Measured outcome: herpes-zoster disease and recorded dementia diagnoses
Released evidence conclusion: Randomized trials established shingles prevention. Dementia findings come from observational and quasi-experimental studies and do not prove prevention.
Does not establish: It does not establish that Shingrix prevents dementia, that live and recombinant vaccines work identically, that avoiding a diagnosis equals avoiding disease, or that vaccination slows biological aging, increases healthspan or extends life.
Registry link checked · projected from tenth-coverage-edition.json
“Omega-3” is not one intervention—and the trial results do not transfer
Measured outcome: cardiovascular composites and components, mortality, atrial fibrillation and bleeding
Released evidence conclusion: Two mixed EPA+DHA trials were neutral on primary outcomes; prescription icosapent ethyl benefited a defined high-risk population with safety and comparator limits.
Does not establish: The trials do not show that eating more fish, taking any retail fish-oil product, combining EPA and DHA, or using prescription icosapent ethyl produces the same effect. They do not recommend a product, brand or dose for an individual.
Measured outcome: invasive cancer, major cardiovascular events and clinical fractures
Released evidence conclusion: In generally healthy adults, vitamin D3 did not significantly reduce invasive cancer, major cardiovascular events, or fractures; deficiency treatment is a different question.
Does not establish: VITAL does not show that vitamin D is useless, that nobody needs supplementation, or that a clinician should stop treating deficiency. It does not compare every dose, formulation, or high-risk subgroup.
Registry link checked · projected from seventh-coverage-edition.json, sixth-coverage-edition.json
Measured outcome: cardiovascular events, mortality, adverse events and cognitive outcomes
Released evidence conclusion: Intensive treatment lowered cardiovascular events and mortality in eligible high-risk adults, with more hypotension, electrolyte problems and kidney injury.
Does not establish: SPRINT does not define a safe target for every person, prove that lower is always better, or support changing medication without clinical supervision. It did not enroll people with diabetes or prior stroke and does not establish the same balance in frail, institutionalized or otherwise excluded populations.
Registry link checked · projected from sixth-coverage-edition.json
CPAP improved symptoms—not cardiovascular events in major trials
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-02
Results availabilityPeer-reviewed publication linkedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
2,717 adults with sleep apnea and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease; 1,264 non-sleepy adults after acute coronary syndrome
Intervention and comparator
large randomized trials
Measured outcome
major cardiovascular events, sleepiness, symptoms and quality of life
Funding and conflicts
SAVE reported support from public agencies and Philips Respironics; ISAACC reported public and industry support. Treatment adherence and selected populations limit inference.
Measured outcome: major cardiovascular events, sleepiness, symptoms and quality of life
Released evidence conclusion: SAVE and ISAACC did not significantly reduce their primary cardiovascular outcomes; SAVE separately found symptom and quality-of-life benefits.
Does not establish: The trials do not show that CPAP is useless, that diagnosed OSA should go untreated, or that every cardiovascular subgroup has the same result. They also do not establish longer life or slower biological aging.
Registry link checked · projected from eleventh-coverage-edition.json
Resveratrol has a longevity reputation. Human trials tell a mixed story
Measured outcome: memory tests, metabolic markers, body composition, inflammation and exercise adaptation
Released evidence conclusion: One small memory-test signal sits beside several null or unfavorable metabolic trials; human evidence does not show longer life or healthspan.
Does not establish: The studies do not demonstrate that resveratrol prevents dementia, cardiovascular disease, frailty, disability, or death. They do not establish an effective anti-aging dose or prove that commercial products match the preparations used.
Registry link checked · projected from seventh-coverage-edition.json
Resveratrol has a longevity reputation. Human trials tell a mixed story
Measured outcome: memory tests, metabolic markers, body composition, inflammation and exercise adaptation
Released evidence conclusion: One small memory-test signal sits beside several null or unfavorable metabolic trials; human evidence does not show longer life or healthspan.
Does not establish: The studies do not demonstrate that resveratrol prevents dementia, cardiovascular disease, frailty, disability, or death. They do not establish an effective anti-aging dose or prove that commercial products match the preparations used.
Registry link checked · projected from seventh-coverage-edition.json
Measured outcome: laboratory-confirmed influenza, immunogenicity and safety
Released evidence conclusion: The randomized result was 1.4% versus 1.9% influenza across two seasons, not proof of immune rejuvenation or longer life.
Does not establish: It does not show that high-dose vaccine is always the best option, that higher antibody levels equal immune rejuvenation, or that the formulation reduces all-cause mortality, slows aging, increases healthspan or extends lifespan.
Registry link checked · projected from tenth-coverage-edition.json
“Omega-3” is not one intervention—and the trial results do not transfer
Measured outcome: cardiovascular composites and components, mortality, atrial fibrillation and bleeding
Released evidence conclusion: Two mixed EPA+DHA trials were neutral on primary outcomes; prescription icosapent ethyl benefited a defined high-risk population with safety and comparator limits.
Does not establish: The trials do not show that eating more fish, taking any retail fish-oil product, combining EPA and DHA, or using prescription icosapent ethyl produces the same effect. They do not recommend a product, brand or dose for an individual.
Registry link checked · projected from sixth-coverage-edition.json
Vitamin D is essential. VITAL still found no broad prevention benefit
Measured outcome: invasive cancer, major cardiovascular events and clinical fractures
Released evidence conclusion: In generally healthy adults, vitamin D3 did not significantly reduce invasive cancer, major cardiovascular events, or fractures; deficiency treatment is a different question.
Does not establish: VITAL does not show that vitamin D is useless, that nobody needs supplementation, or that a clinician should stop treating deficiency. It does not compare every dose, formulation, or high-risk subgroup.
Registry link checked · projected from seventh-coverage-edition.json
“Omega-3” is not one intervention—and the trial results do not transfer
Measured outcome: cardiovascular composites and components, mortality, atrial fibrillation and bleeding
Released evidence conclusion: Two mixed EPA+DHA trials were neutral on primary outcomes; prescription icosapent ethyl benefited a defined high-risk population with safety and comparator limits.
Does not establish: The trials do not show that eating more fish, taking any retail fish-oil product, combining EPA and DHA, or using prescription icosapent ethyl produces the same effect. They do not recommend a product, brand or dose for an individual.
Registry link checked · projected from sixth-coverage-edition.json
GlyNAC’s small trial cannot establish reversal of aging
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-04
Results availabilityNo registry results postedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
Very small sample of older adults
Intervention and comparator
very small randomized trial
Measured outcome
biomarkers and physical function
Funding and conflicts
The publication disclosed NIH/NIA grant R01AG041782 and a McNair Foundation philanthropic gift, stated that funders had no role, and declared no conflicts of interest. Those are reported disclosures rather than proof that all potential bias is absent.
Measured outcome: biomarkers and physical function
Released evidence conclusion: A 16-week study randomized 24 older adults—12 per arm—and reported many biomarker and function measures. Its size, multiplicity and exploratory analyses do not prove that GlyNAC reverses aging or extends healthspan.
Does not establish: The trial does not establish reversal of biological aging, disease prevention, disability prevention, cognitive preservation, longer healthspan or longer life. Aging-hallmark analyses added after trial completion were explicitly exploratory.
Registry link checked · projected from fifteenth-coverage-edition.json
Statin evidence changes with age, risk and prevention setting
Measured outcome: coronary and vascular events, stroke, mortality, cognition and cancer follow-up
Released evidence conclusion: Evidence is clearer after vascular disease than for starting primary prevention after age 75, and it does not establish longer life.
Does not establish: The featured evidence does not show that everyone over 75 should start, stop or change a statin. It does not choose a medicine or dose, calculate an individual's cardiovascular risk, or resolve how frailty, medication burden, side effects and life expectancy should be weighed in care.
Registry link checked · projected from sixth-coverage-edition.json
A tailored Tai Ji Quan program reduced falls in one high-risk trial
therapeutically tailored Tai Ji Quan (TJQMBB) — NCT02287740
Measured outcome: incidence of falls during the six-month intervention
Released evidence conclusion: Falls numbered 152, 218 and 363; TJQMBB versus stretching IRR 0.42 (95% CI 0.31–0.56) and versus multimodal exercise 0.69 (0.52–0.94).
Does not establish: The trial did not test every tai chi class, institutionalized or broadly frail populations, permanent independence, healthspan or lifespan.
Registry link checked · projected from eighteenth-coverage-claim-map.json
Measured outcome: mobility disability and discharge function
Released evidence conclusion: LIFE supports a meaningful mobility outcome in vulnerable older adults, while lifespan and universal-program claims remain untested.
Does not establish: It does not show that one modality is best, that more activity is always better, or that the studied programs increase lifespan. The LIFE intervention did not significantly reduce death or hospitalization. The hospital trial does not establish prevention of disability after discharge. Population-level trial results cannot safely select an individual program for someone with frailty, falls, cardiovascular symptoms or an acute illness.
Registry link checked · projected from fourth-coverage-edition.json
Metformin is established for diabetes—not for extending healthy human life
Metformin to Augment Strength Training Effective Response in Seniors (MASTERS)
Measured outcome: muscle adaptation, metabolism and gene expression
Released evidence conclusion: Small older-adult studies show mechanistic changes and a blunted hypertrophy signal, not healthspan or lifespan extension.
Does not establish: It does not show that metformin prevents aging or extends life in healthy people. It does not establish that an AMPK, mTOR, transcriptomic or glucose change improves how long or well someone lives. NCT03107884 currently studies short bed-rest and recovery outcomes; an “active, not recruiting” registry status with no posted results is operational information, not evidence of benefit. TAME should not be described as completed proof without a canonical result record.
Registry link checked · projected from third-coverage-edition.json
STRIDE did not significantly reduce serious fall injuries in primary care
Measured outcome: global cognition and structural MRI measures
Released evidence conclusion: Both groups improved with counseling and calorie restriction; the between-group cognitive difference was not significant and MRI measures were similar.
Does not establish: The trial did not test dementia prevention, independence, biological-age reversal, healthspan or lifespan. A null result also does not prove that no version of the dietary pattern can affect cognition in any population.
Registry link checked · projected from eighth-coverage-edition.json
NAD precursors raise some metabolites; human longevity benefits remain unproven
Measured outcome: metabolites, physiology and short-term function
Released evidence conclusion: Small trials show target engagement, not broad clinical, healthspan or lifespan benefit—and products and routes are not interchangeable.
Does not establish: It does not show that NR, NMN, niacin and intravenous NAD have equivalent effects, that raising a blood metabolite restores tissue aging, or that any featured product prevents dementia, frailty or death. Secondary or exploratory signals in small trials are not established benefits. Animal lifespan findings do not substitute for human outcomes.
Registry link checked · projected from fourth-coverage-edition.json
NAD precursors raise some metabolites; human longevity benefits remain unproven
Measured outcome: metabolites, physiology and short-term function
Released evidence conclusion: Small trials show target engagement, not broad clinical, healthspan or lifespan benefit—and products and routes are not interchangeable.
Does not establish: It does not show that NR, NMN, niacin and intravenous NAD have equivalent effects, that raising a blood metabolite restores tissue aging, or that any featured product prevents dementia, frailty or death. Secondary or exploratory signals in small trials are not established benefits. Animal lifespan findings do not substitute for human outcomes.
Registry link checked · projected from fourth-coverage-edition.json
Multivitamins moved some tests and aging clocks. What does that mean?
Measured outcome: cognitive-test scores, word recall and DNA-methylation biomarkers
Released evidence conclusion: COSMOS found small cognitive-test differences and modest movement in two DNA-methylation clocks; neither establishes dementia prevention or longer life.
Does not establish: The COSMOS reports do not demonstrate that a multivitamin prevents dementia, Alzheimer's disease, disability, loss of independence, hospitalization, or death. They do not show that every formulation produces the same result.
Registry link checked · projected from seventh-coverage-edition.json
Spermidine did not improve the trial’s primary memory outcome
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-04
Results availabilityNo registry results postedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
Older adults with subjective cognitive decline
Intervention and comparator
small randomized phase 2b trial
Measured outcome
memory and cognitive tests
Funding and conflicts
German federal and academic support was disclosed. Several authors reported equity, executive or advisory roles, patents, or former equity involving Longevity Labs GmbH, which also supported development of the spermidine-rich extract; the paper states that funders had no role in trial conduct or reporting.
Released evidence conclusion: In the 12-month SmartAge trial, a wheat-germ spermidine extract did not improve the prespecified memory outcome or secondary outcomes. Exploratory signals do not establish dementia prevention or longer life.
Does not establish: The study does not show dementia prevention, cognitive rejuvenation, disability prevention, slower biological aging, longer healthspan or longer life. It also does not validate spermidine-rich diets or every retail supplement.
Registry link checked · projected from fifteenth-coverage-edition.json
Cold-water studies measure thermogenesis—not longer life
habitual winter swimming and cold challenge — NCT03095846
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-03
Results availabilityNot assessedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
Very small selected sample of young healthy men
Intervention and comparator
cross-sectional swimmer versus matched comparison group
Measured outcome
brown-fat activity and thermogenesis
Funding and conflicts
The cold-exposure study reported Czech public research support and no competing interests. Seven of eight winter swimmers also used sauna, and the small selected sample makes attribution and generalization especially uncertain.
Measured outcome: brown-fat activity and thermogenesis
Released evidence conclusion: A small study of young male winter swimmers found physiology differences. It did not test disease, function, healthspan or lifespan, and it cannot show that cold exposure caused the findings.
Does not establish: It does not show disease prevention, better function, longer healthspan, lower mortality or longer life. It does not establish benefit in older adults and cannot separate winter swimming from sauna use, fitness, diet or other selection factors.
Registry link checked · projected from fourteenth-coverage-edition.json
Cold-water studies measure thermogenesis—not longer life
habitual winter swimming and cold challenge — NCT03096535
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-03
Results availabilityNot assessedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
Very small selected sample of young healthy men
Intervention and comparator
cross-sectional swimmer versus matched comparison group
Measured outcome
brown-fat activity and thermogenesis
Funding and conflicts
The cold-exposure study reported Czech public research support and no competing interests. Seven of eight winter swimmers also used sauna, and the small selected sample makes attribution and generalization especially uncertain.
Measured outcome: brown-fat activity and thermogenesis
Released evidence conclusion: A small study of young male winter swimmers found physiology differences. It did not test disease, function, healthspan or lifespan, and it cannot show that cold exposure caused the findings.
Does not establish: It does not show disease prevention, better function, longer healthspan, lower mortality or longer life. It does not establish benefit in older adults and cannot separate winter swimming from sauna use, fitness, diet or other selection factors.
Registry link checked · projected from fourteenth-coverage-edition.json
Metformin is established for diabetes—not for extending healthy human life
Metformin to Prevent Inactivity-induced Loss of Muscle Health During Aging
Measured outcome: muscle adaptation, metabolism and gene expression
Released evidence conclusion: Small older-adult studies show mechanistic changes and a blunted hypertrophy signal, not healthspan or lifespan extension.
Does not establish: It does not show that metformin prevents aging or extends life in healthy people. It does not establish that an AMPK, mTOR, transcriptomic or glucose change improves how long or well someone lives. NCT03107884 currently studies short bed-rest and recovery outcomes; an “active, not recruiting” registry status with no posted results is operational information, not evidence of benefit. TAME should not be described as completed proof without a canonical result record.
Registry link checked · projected from third-coverage-edition.json
Hearing intervention did not slow cognitive decline across the full ACHIEVE trial
Released evidence conclusion: The three-year trial was null across its full cohort. Signals in higher-risk groups need confirmation and do not establish dementia prevention.
Does not establish: ACHIEVE does not show that hearing treatment prevents mild cognitive impairment or dementia, reverses brain aging, extends healthspan, or lengthens life. It does not establish which baseline risk profile would reliably predict cognitive benefit in routine care. A null cognition result also does not mean that clinically appropriate hearing care lacks communication, participation or quality-of-life value.
Registry link checked · projected from fifth-coverage-edition.json
Urolithin A missed both primary outcomes in older adults
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-04
Results availabilityNo registry results postedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
Selected older adults with lower mitochondrial function
Intervention and comparator
small randomized trial
Measured outcome
walking distance, muscle endurance and ATP production
Funding and conflicts
The publication disclosed Amazentis employees, its founder and chief executive, board leadership, company shareholdings, and patent interests. That direct sponsor and intellectual-property involvement must remain visible alongside the short duration and selected study population.
Measured outcome: walking distance, muscle endurance and ATP production
Released evidence conclusion: ENERGIZE found no significant benefit for six-minute walk distance or maximal ATP production. Secondary endurance and biomarker signals remain preliminary and do not establish disability prevention or longer healthy life.
Does not establish: ENERGIZE does not show prevention of mobility disability, sarcopenia treatment, preserved independence, aging reversal, healthspan extension or lifespan extension. It does not validate pomegranate products, microbiome interventions or unrelated urolithin A supplements.
Registry link checked · projected from fifteenth-coverage-edition.json
Human time-restricted-eating trials show mixed short-term results—not slower aging
Measured outcome: weight, body composition, visceral fat and cardiometabolic markers
Released evidence conclusion: Different eating windows and comparators produced different weight and fat findings; none tested biological aging, healthspan or lifespan.
Does not establish: It does not show slower epigenetic or biological aging, fewer late-life disabilities, lower mortality or longer life. It does not establish long-term adherence or separate every effect of timing from spontaneous calorie reduction. These trials also do not supply a universally safe eating schedule for people with diabetes, eating disorders, pregnancy, frailty, medication timing needs or other medical contexts.
Registry link checked · projected from fifth-coverage-edition.json
Human time-restricted-eating trials show mixed short-term results—not slower aging
Measured outcome: weight, body composition, visceral fat and cardiometabolic markers
Released evidence conclusion: Different eating windows and comparators produced different weight and fat findings; none tested biological aging, healthspan or lifespan.
Does not establish: It does not show slower epigenetic or biological aging, fewer late-life disabilities, lower mortality or longer life. It does not establish long-term adherence or separate every effect of timing from spontaneous calorie reduction. These trials also do not supply a universally safe eating schedule for people with diabetes, eating disorders, pregnancy, frailty, medication timing needs or other medical contexts.
Registry link checked · projected from fifth-coverage-edition.json
Testosterone did not prevent fractures in TRAVERSE
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-03
Results availabilityRegistry results postedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
5,204 TRAVERSE participants: middle-aged and older men with symptoms, repeatedly low testosterone and preexisting or high cardiovascular risk
Intervention and comparator
randomized trials
Measured outcome
clinical fractures and bone-density measures
Funding and conflicts
TRAVERSE was an FDA-required postmarketing trial funded by an industry consortium led by AbbVie; sponsor and investigator roles require visible disclosure. The Testosterone Trials were principally publicly supported, with study product and additional support disclosed by investigators; the trials were not large or long enough for broad safety conclusions.
Measured outcome: clinical fractures and bone-density measures
Released evidence conclusion: Clinical fractures were more frequent with testosterone than placebo in TRAVERSE; a smaller substudy’s bone-density gain cannot substitute for fracture outcomes.
Does not establish: The analysis does not establish why fractures were higher, identify a causal pathway, or show the same result for every formulation and population. It does not erase appropriate treatment for diagnosed conditions or provide an individual risk estimate.
Measured outcome: major cardiovascular events and cardiovascular safety outcomes
Released evidence conclusion: Among selected men with hypogonadism and elevated cardiovascular risk, testosterone gel was noninferior to placebo for major cardiovascular events; the trial did not test longer life or general anti-aging use.
Does not establish: The result does not prove cardiovascular benefit, overall safety, safety beyond the observed follow-up, or applicability to men without symptoms and repeated low measurements. It does not apply automatically to injections, pellets, oral products, compounded products, bodybuilding use or supraphysiologic dosing.
Registry link checked · projected from twelfth-coverage-edition.json
Semaglutide reduced cardiovascular events in SELECT—not aging
Measured outcome: major cardiovascular events and safety
Released evidence conclusion: The randomized result and approved indication are population-specific; anti-aging, healthspan and lifespan claims were not tested.
Does not establish: It does not show that semaglutide makes healthy people live longer, reverses a biological clock, preserves every component of lean tissue, or should be used outside an approved or clinically justified indication. Body-composition changes are not equivalent to frailty, healthspan or lifespan. Results for one molecule, formulation and population do not automatically transfer to every GLP-1–based drug.
Registry link checked · projected from fourth-coverage-edition.json
Statin evidence changes with age, risk and prevention setting
Measured outcome: coronary and vascular events, stroke, mortality, cognition and cancer follow-up
Released evidence conclusion: Evidence is clearer after vascular disease than for starting primary prevention after age 75, and it does not establish longer life.
Does not establish: The featured evidence does not show that everyone over 75 should start, stop or change a statin. It does not choose a medicine or dose, calculate an individual's cardiovascular risk, or resolve how frailty, medication burden, side effects and life expectancy should be weighed in care.
Registry link checked · projected from sixth-coverage-edition.json
PEARL trial found no change in its main visceral-fat outcome
Measured outcome: visceral fat, body composition, biomarkers, surveys and safety
Released evidence conclusion: The 48-week randomized trial reported a null primary outcome, exploratory signals and substantial limits on broader healthy-aging claims.
Does not establish: The PEARL trial shows rapamycin extends healthy-human lifespan.
Registry link checked · projected from first-coverage-pilot.json
Multivitamins moved some tests and aging clocks. What does that mean?
Measured outcome: cognitive-test scores, word recall and DNA-methylation biomarkers
Released evidence conclusion: COSMOS found small cognitive-test differences and modest movement in two DNA-methylation clocks; neither establishes dementia prevention or longer life.
Does not establish: The COSMOS reports do not demonstrate that a multivitamin prevents dementia, Alzheimer's disease, disability, loss of independence, hospitalization, or death. They do not show that every formulation produces the same result.
Registry link checked · projected from seventh-coverage-edition.json
NAD precursors raise some metabolites; human longevity benefits remain unproven
Measured outcome: metabolites, physiology and short-term function
Released evidence conclusion: Small trials show target engagement, not broad clinical, healthspan or lifespan benefit—and products and routes are not interchangeable.
Does not establish: It does not show that NR, NMN, niacin and intravenous NAD have equivalent effects, that raising a blood metabolite restores tissue aging, or that any featured product prevents dementia, frailty or death. Secondary or exploratory signals in small trials are not established benefits. Animal lifespan findings do not substitute for human outcomes.
Registry link checked · projected from fourth-coverage-edition.json
RSV vaccines reduce respiratory disease. Separate trials cannot rank them
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-02
Results availabilityPeer-reviewed publication linkedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
Adults age 60 or older across three separate pivotal vaccine trials
Intervention and comparator
three randomized vaccine trials
Measured outcome
RSV lower-respiratory disease or illness, acute respiratory disease and safety
Funding and conflicts
The Arexvy, Abrysvo and mResvia pivotal trials were funded by GSK, Pfizer and Moderna, respectively; current guidance and postauthorization safety context come from CDC and FDA.
Measured outcome: RSV lower-respiratory disease or illness, acute respiratory disease and safety
Released evidence conclusion: Arexvy, Abrysvo and mResvia each reduced a trial-defined RSV respiratory endpoint, but separate protocols cannot establish a product ranking.
Does not establish: It does not show that one product is universally best, that efficacy percentages can be compared without protocol context, that vaccination should be repeated annually, or that preventing RSV disease restores an aging immune system, increases healthspan or lengthens life.
Registry link checked · projected from tenth-coverage-edition.json
RSV vaccines reduce respiratory disease. Separate trials cannot rank them
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusActive, not recruitingChecked 2026-08-27
Results availabilityPeer-reviewed publication linkedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phasephase 3Unknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
Adults age 60 or older across three separate pivotal vaccine trials
Intervention and comparator
three randomized vaccine trials
Measured outcome
RSV lower-respiratory disease or illness, acute respiratory disease and safety
Funding and conflicts
The Arexvy, Abrysvo and mResvia pivotal trials were funded by GSK, Pfizer and Moderna, respectively; current guidance and postauthorization safety context come from CDC and FDA.
Measured outcome: RSV lower-respiratory disease or illness, acute respiratory disease and safety
Released evidence conclusion: Arexvy, Abrysvo and mResvia each reduced a trial-defined RSV respiratory endpoint, but separate protocols cannot establish a product ranking.
Does not establish: It does not show that one product is universally best, that efficacy percentages can be compared without protocol context, that vaccination should be repeated annually, or that preventing RSV disease restores an aging immune system, increases healthspan or lengthens life.
Registry link checked · projected from tenth-coverage-edition.json
RSV vaccines reduce respiratory disease. Separate trials cannot rank them
Registry identity and operations are shown separately from the linked article’s evidence conclusion.
Operational statusCompletedChecked 2026-08-02
Results availabilityPeer-reviewed publication linkedPublication and registry results are different records.
Registered phaseunknownUnknown and not applicable remain distinct.
Population
Adults age 60 or older across three separate pivotal vaccine trials
Intervention and comparator
three randomized vaccine trials
Measured outcome
RSV lower-respiratory disease or illness, acute respiratory disease and safety
Funding and conflicts
The Arexvy, Abrysvo and mResvia pivotal trials were funded by GSK, Pfizer and Moderna, respectively; current guidance and postauthorization safety context come from CDC and FDA.
Measured outcome: RSV lower-respiratory disease or illness, acute respiratory disease and safety
Released evidence conclusion: Arexvy, Abrysvo and mResvia each reduced a trial-defined RSV respiratory endpoint, but separate protocols cannot establish a product ranking.
Does not establish: It does not show that one product is universally best, that efficacy percentages can be compared without protocol context, that vaccination should be repeated annually, or that preventing RSV disease restores an aging immune system, increases healthspan or lengthens life.
Registry link checked · projected from tenth-coverage-edition.json
Human time-restricted-eating trials show mixed short-term results—not slower aging
Measured outcome: weight, body composition, visceral fat and cardiometabolic markers
Released evidence conclusion: Different eating windows and comparators produced different weight and fat findings; none tested biological aging, healthspan or lifespan.
Does not establish: It does not show slower epigenetic or biological aging, fewer late-life disabilities, lower mortality or longer life. It does not establish long-term adherence or separate every effect of timing from spontaneous calorie reduction. These trials also do not supply a universally safe eating schedule for people with diabetes, eating disorders, pregnancy, frailty, medication timing needs or other medical contexts.
Registry link checked · projected from fifth-coverage-edition.json
Partial-reprogramming trial is testing eye-treatment safety—not human rejuvenation
Measured outcome: planned safety, dose-limiting toxicity, laboratory and eye measures; no posted results
Released evidence conclusion: A recruiting Phase 1 eye study asks whether ER-100 can be administered safely. It has no posted human efficacy results and does not test lifespan.
Does not establish: ER-100 has demonstrated human rejuvenation.
Registry link checked · projected from first-coverage-pilot.json
Method and limits
One registry identity, once.
Records are deduplicated by canonical registry ID from the governed source sets behind released stories. Registry links were rechecked on August 27, 2026. Completed status is retained as stable; changing active records were rechecked. Unknown fields remain unknown. Posted registry results are not silently treated as peer-reviewed publications.